| Authors |
Aleksey Yu. Salomatin, Doctor of juridical sciences, professor, head of the sub-department of theory of state and law and political science, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia) valeriya_zinovev@mail.ru
Natalia V. Makeeva, Candidate of juridical sciences, associate professor, associate professor of the sub-department of theory of state and law and political science, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia) makeeva-nv@yandex.ru
|
| Abstract |
Background. The ethnic factor has long had a powerful impact on State-building. After all, absolutely ethnically homogeneous states do not exist. Another issue is that the degree of ethnic diversity may differ from country to country and depend on the historical era. The aim of the work is to study the influence of the ethnic factor on the formation and development of state-legal and political systems.
Materials and methods. A comprehensive and comprehensive analysis of the models of ethnopolitics and the features of their functioning allowed us to achieve the implementation of research tasks. State policy in a complex state from an ethnic point of view was studied not only in a comparative state study, but also in a comparative historical context.
Results. The models of ethnopolitics with the disclosure of the features of each of them are studied. Elements of the ethnolinguistic architecture of the state are defined. The hypothesis of a combination of assimilation and multiculturalism for the stability of multi-ethnic states in conditions of global instability is put forward.
Conclusions. The authors state that among the variety of models of state ethnopolitics at the present stage of development of state and legal institutions, assimilation and multiculturalism are applicable, emphasizing the multidirectional nature of these models of ethnopolitics, from leveling to preserving ethno-cultural diversity, respectively. At the same time, the model of multiculturalism is destructive and has the potential to destabilize the political system of the state. The federal organization of the state is one of the mechanisms for reducing the conflict potential and smoothing out ethnic contradictions.
|
| References |
1. Tishkov V.A., Shabaev Yu.P. Etnopolitologiya. Politicheskie funktsii etnichnosti: ucheb. dlya vuzov = Ethnopolitology. Political functions of ethnicity: textbook for universities. Moscow: Moskovskiy gos. un-t im. M.V. Lomonosova, 2013:416. (In Russ.)
2. Bromley Yu.V. Ocherki teorii etnosa. 3-e izd., ispr. = Essays on the theory of ethnos. The 3rd edition, revised. Moscow: Librokom, 2009:440. (In Russ.)
3. Vinokurov M.A., Karmyshev A.D. Vvedenie v ekonomicheskuyu etnopsikhologiyu: ucheb. posobie = Introduction to economic ethnopsychology: textbook. Irkutsk: Izd-vo IGEA, 2000:304. (In Russ.)
4. Salomatin A.Yu., Makeeva N.V., Nakvakina E.V., Koryakina A.S., Miryaeva Zh.A. Etnicheskiy federalizm: entsiklopedicheskiy illyustrirovannyy slovar' = Ethnic federalism: an encyclopedic illustrated dictionary. Moscow: RIOR: INFRA-M, 2020:229–230. (In Russ.)
5. Andersson R., Dhalmann H., Holmqvisti E., Kauppinen T.M., Turner L.M., Andersen H.S., Søholt S., Vaattovaara M., Vilkama K., Wessel T., Yousfi S. Immigration, Housing and Segregation in the Nordic Welfare States. Helsinki: Helsinki University Print, 2010:285.
6. Dugard J., Reynolds J. Apartheid, International Law, and the Occupied Palestinian Territory.
European Journal of International Law. 2013;24(3):867–913. 7. Bezoruzhnaya Afrika: mozhno li predotvratit' genotsid = Unarmed Africa: can genocide
be prevented. (In Russ.). Available at: https://warhead.su/2018/04/24/bezoruzhnayaafrika- mozhno-li-predotvratit-genotsid (accessed 17.01.2021).
8. Kotlova E.S. Maneuvering among icebergs: models of ethnic policy in Norway. Arktika i Sever = Arctic and North. 2015;21:17–32. (In Russ.)
9. Tibi B. Der Islam und Deutschland. Muslime in Deutschland. Munchen, 2000:227.
10. Der Nationale Integrationsplan. Beauftragte fur Migration, Fluchtlinge und Integration. Available at: http://www.bundesregierung.de/
11. Saratsin T. Germaniya: samolikvidatsiya = Germany: self-destruct. Moscow: Rid Grupp, 2012:400. (In Russ.)
12. Tevdoy-Burmuli A. Etnopoliticheskaya dinamika Evropeyskogo Soyuza = Ethno-political dynamics of the European Union. Moscow, 2018:224. (In Russ.)
13. Merkel' A. Attempts to build a multicultural society in Germany have completely failed. RBK. 2010, 17 October. (In Russ.). Available at: http://www.rbc.ru/rbcfreenews/2010 1017070445.shtml
14. British Prime Minister condemned the policy of multiculturalism. Lenta.ru. 2011, 5 February. (In Russ.). Available at: http://www.lenta.ru/news/2011/02/05/multicult/
15. Sarkozy admits the failure of multiculturalism. Lenta.ru. 2011, 11 February. (In Russ.). Available at: http://lenta.ru/news/2011/02/11/fail
16. Teper' i Sarkozi priznal, chto politika mul'tikul'turalizma provalilas' = Now Sarkozy has admitted that the policy of multiculturalism has failed. InoSMI. (In Russ.). Available at: http://inosmi.ru/Europe/20110211/166444540html
17. Le Pen M. Vo imya Frantsii = In the name of France. Moscow, 2016:288. (In Russ.)
18. Gulyakov A.D., Salomatin A.Yu. Elements of federalism in preindustrial states (comparative state studies essay). Istoriya gosudarstva i prava = The history of state and law. 2016;4:10–15. (In Russ.)
19. Istoriya Evropy: v 5 t. T. 5. Ot Frantsuzskoy revolyutsii kontsa XVIII veka do Pervoy mirovoy voyny = The history of Europe: in 5 volumes. Volume 5. From the French Revolution of the end of the 18th century to the First World War. Moscow, 2000:686. (In Russ.)
20. Fleiner T. The Switzerland Constitution of the Federal State and the Cantons Federalism and Multiethnic States. The Case of Switzerland. Friborg, 1996:108–138.
21. Salomatin A.Yu., Koryakina A.S. Switzerland and India as polar models of ethnic federalism (a comparative legal study). Vestnik universiteta imeni O.E. Kutafina (MGYuA) = Bulletin of Kutafin Moscow State Law University. 2020;4:155–162. (In Russ.)
|
